The Permission Nobody Used: Twenty-Five Years of Safe Harbour, and the Risks It Left in Place
4.2 million
frauds in England and Wales in the year to March 2025, close to half of all crime measured, with no competition guidance of their own
Armidale research. The United States and the United Kingdom both gave firms a safe harbour to share what they know about fraud, and in both cases the sharing did not follow. Both statutes removed the risk that was easy to remove, left one in place deliberately, and never addressed a third at all.
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